Baby Squirrel Feeding Guide: What & How To Feed

Hey there, animal lovers! Ever stumbled upon a tiny, orphaned baby squirrel and wondered, "What do I feed this little guy?" or maybe, how to feed a baby squirrel? You're not alone! It's a situation that many caring folks find themselves in, and it's crucial to get the nutrition right to give these little critters the best chance at survival. So, let's dive into the fascinating world of baby squirrel diets and how to become their temporary caregivers.

Understanding the Nutritional Needs of Baby Squirrels

Squirrel nutritional needs are a bit different from what you might expect. Baby squirrels, just like human infants, require a very specific diet to grow strong and healthy. Their dietary needs change as they develop, so understanding these stages is super important.

The Importance of Specialized Formulas

When we talk about the right food for a baby squirrel, we're mainly focusing on specialized formulas. Cow's milk? Nope! That's a no-go. Baby squirrels can't digest cow's milk properly, and it can actually make them very sick. Instead, you'll need to get your hands on a formula that mimics the mother squirrel's milk, which is packed with all the essential nutrients, fats, and proteins these little guys need. Fox Valley Animal Nutrition's Day One Formula and Esbilac Puppy Milk Replacer are two popular choices often recommended by wildlife rehabilitators. These formulas are carefully formulated to meet the specific needs of baby squirrels, ensuring they get the balanced nutrition they require for healthy growth and development. It's like the superfood equivalent for squirrels!

Hydration is Key

Just like us, hydration is super important for baby squirrels. They need plenty of fluids, especially when they're very young. The formula will provide some of this, but you might also need to supplement with additional fluids, particularly if the squirrel is dehydrated. Signs of dehydration include sunken eyes, lethargy, and skin that doesn't snap back quickly when gently pinched. If you notice these signs, it's time to hydrate! You can offer unflavored Pedialyte or a homemade electrolyte solution, but always consult with a wildlife rehabilitator or veterinarian first to ensure you're giving the correct amount and frequency. Hydration is the foundation for their overall health and well-being, so keeping them properly hydrated is crucial during their early stages of life.

Transitioning to Solids

As your little buddy grows, you'll need to start thinking about transitioning to solid foods. This is an exciting milestone, but it's important to do it gradually and carefully. You can start introducing small amounts of solid food alongside the formula, slowly increasing the amount as the squirrel gets older and more accustomed to eating solids. This is where the fun begins – offering a variety of healthy options and watching them explore new flavors and textures!

Step-by-Step Guide to Feeding a Baby Squirrel

Okay, so you've got your formula and you're ready to go. But wait! Feeding a baby squirrel isn't quite as simple as just holding up a bottle. You've got to consider things like proper positioning, feeding amounts, and how often to feed them. Let's break it down step-by-step.

Gathering Your Supplies

Before you even think about picking up that adorable little furball, make sure you've got all your supplies ready to go. You'll need the formula, of course, as well as a syringe or a small bottle with a nipple designed for small animals. A clean syringe is often the best option for very young squirrels because it allows you to control the flow of milk and prevent aspiration. You'll also want some soft cloths or paper towels for cleaning up any spills – and trust me, there will be spills! A heating pad or a warm water bottle wrapped in a towel is also essential to keep the baby squirrel warm during and after feeding. Having everything prepared beforehand will make the feeding process smoother and less stressful for both you and the little squirrel.

Warming the Formula

Just like human babies, baby squirrels prefer their milk warmed up. Never feed a baby squirrel cold formula straight from the fridge! The ideal temperature for baby squirrel formula is around 95-100°F (35-38°C), which is similar to the temperature of a mother squirrel's milk. You can warm the formula by placing the bottle or syringe in a bowl of warm water for a few minutes, or by using a bottle warmer. Always test the temperature of the formula on your wrist before feeding to make sure it's not too hot. Overheating the formula can scald the baby squirrel's mouth, so it's crucial to get the temperature just right. Warm formula is not only more palatable but also easier for the baby squirrel to digest, ensuring they get the maximum nutritional benefit from each feeding.

Positioning the Squirrel Correctly

The way you hold a baby squirrel during feeding is super important to prevent aspiration, which is when milk goes into their lungs instead of their stomach. Never feed a baby squirrel on its back, like you would a human baby. Instead, hold the squirrel upright, in a natural feeding position. You can gently support its body with one hand while using the other hand to hold the syringe or bottle. Imagine how a baby squirrel would nurse from its mother in the wild – that's the position you want to mimic. Keeping the squirrel upright allows gravity to do its job, helping the milk flow down the esophagus and into the stomach. It also allows the squirrel to breathe comfortably during feeding. Proper positioning is a simple but crucial step in ensuring a safe and successful feeding experience for your little squirrel.

Feeding Amounts and Frequency

How much to feed a baby squirrel depends on its age and size. Newborn squirrels need to be fed very frequently, about every 2-3 hours, while older babies can go longer between feedings. A general guideline is to feed about 5-7% of the squirrel's body weight at each feeding. For example, a 100-gram squirrel would need about 5-7 ml of formula per feeding. It's important to weigh the squirrel regularly to monitor its growth and adjust the feeding amounts accordingly. Overfeeding can lead to digestive problems, while underfeeding can result in malnutrition and stunted growth. Always observe the squirrel's cues during feeding. If it starts to slow down or turn its head away, it's likely full. Don't force it to eat more than it wants. Keeping a feeding log can be helpful in tracking the squirrel's intake and ensuring it's getting the right amount of formula at each feeding. Consistency in feeding amounts and frequency is key to maintaining a healthy and happy baby squirrel.

Burping the Squirrel

Just like human babies, baby squirrels can get gassy and uncomfortable after feeding. That's why it's important to burp them! After each feeding, gently hold the squirrel upright against your shoulder and pat its back lightly. You might need to do this for a few minutes to help release any trapped air. You might not always get a burp, but the gentle patting can still help to settle their tummy. Burping can prevent discomfort and bloating, making them feel much more comfortable after a meal. It's a small step, but it can make a big difference in their overall well-being. So, don't forget to add burping to your post-feeding routine!

Cleaning Up

Let's face it, feeding baby squirrels can be a messy business. They're not exactly known for their table manners! So, be prepared for some spills and dribbles. After each feeding, use a soft, damp cloth to gently clean the squirrel's face and fur. Pay special attention to the area around their mouth to prevent formula from drying and crusting. A clean squirrel is a happy squirrel! Regular cleaning also helps to prevent skin irritation and infections. Plus, it's a great opportunity to bond with your little friend. So, embrace the mess and make cleaning up part of your feeding routine. It's all part of the adventure of raising a baby squirrel!

Introducing Solid Foods

As your baby squirrel grows, it's time to think about introducing solid foods. This is an exciting stage, but it's important to do it gradually and offer the right kinds of foods. Introducing solid food to squirrels, they typically start showing interest in solid foods around 5-6 weeks of age. This is when their teeth start to come in, and they become more curious about exploring new textures and flavors.

When to Start

Knowing when to introduce solid foods is key. You'll notice your little one becoming more curious about the world around them, maybe even trying to nibble on your fingers or the edges of their enclosure. This is a good sign that they're ready to try some solids. Start slowly, offering small amounts of soft, easily digestible foods alongside their formula. Think of it as an adventure in taste and texture – a whole new world of culinary experiences for your growing squirrel!

Best Solid Foods for Baby Squirrels

So, what should you offer your little gourmand? The best solid foods for baby squirrels are those that mimic their natural diet in the wild. This includes a variety of nuts, seeds, fruits, and vegetables. Think healthy and wholesome – just like you'd want for yourself! Some great options include:

• Nuts: Walnuts, pecans, and hazelnuts are excellent choices. Make sure they're unsalted and unsweetened. Nuts provide essential fats and proteins that baby squirrels need for growth and energy.
• Seeds: Sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, and squash seeds are all nutritious and delicious options. Again, opt for unsalted and unsweetened varieties. Seeds are packed with vitamins and minerals, making them a great addition to a baby squirrel's diet.
• Fruits: Apples, grapes, and berries are great sources of vitamins and antioxidants. Cut them into small, manageable pieces to prevent choking.
• Vegetables: Carrots, sweet potatoes, and broccoli are packed with nutrients and fiber. Cook them until soft to make them easier to chew and digest.
• Commercial Squirrel Food: There are also commercial squirrel food mixes available that are specifically formulated to meet their nutritional needs. These can be a convenient option, but always check the ingredients to make sure they're high-quality and free of artificial additives.

How to Introduce New Foods

Introducing new foods to a baby squirrel should be done gradually, one at a time. Start by offering a small amount of the new food alongside their regular formula feedings. This allows them to get used to the taste and texture without overwhelming their digestive system. Watch for any signs of digestive upset, such as diarrhea or vomiting. If you notice any problems, stop feeding the new food and consult with a wildlife rehabilitator or veterinarian. If everything goes well, you can gradually increase the amount of the new food and introduce other options. Variety is the spice of life, even for baby squirrels!

Common Feeding Mistakes to Avoid

Even with the best intentions, it's easy to make mistakes when feeding baby squirrels. Here are some common pitfalls to watch out for:

Feeding Cow's Milk

We've already touched on this, but it's worth repeating: never give a baby squirrel cow's milk! It's too difficult for them to digest and can cause serious health problems. Stick to specialized formulas like Fox Valley Animal Nutrition's Day One Formula or Esbilac Puppy Milk Replacer. These formulas are designed to mimic the composition of mother squirrel's milk, providing the essential nutrients that baby squirrels need.

Overfeeding

It's tempting to shower these little guys with love and food, but overfeeding can lead to digestive issues. Follow the feeding guidelines based on the squirrel's age and weight, and don't force them to eat more than they want. Overfeeding can cause bloating, diarrhea, and other digestive problems that can be harmful to a baby squirrel's health. It's better to feed smaller amounts more frequently than to overload their system with too much food at once. Always observe their cues and stop feeding when they start to slow down or turn their head away.

Feeding the Wrong Foods

Just like cow's milk, some human foods are off-limits for baby squirrels. Avoid giving them sugary treats, processed foods, or anything with artificial additives. These foods can disrupt their delicate digestive systems and lead to health problems. Also, be cautious with nuts and seeds that are too large or difficult to chew, as they can pose a choking hazard. Stick to a diet of specialized formula, followed by age-appropriate solid foods like nuts, seeds, fruits, and vegetables. A healthy diet is the foundation for a healthy squirrel!

Improper Feeding Technique

Holding the squirrel in the wrong position or feeding too quickly can lead to aspiration, a life-threatening condition where milk enters the lungs. Always hold the squirrel upright during feeding and use a syringe or bottle with a slow-flow nipple to control the flow of milk. Pay close attention to their breathing and make sure they're swallowing comfortably. If you notice any signs of choking or difficulty breathing, stop feeding immediately and consult with a wildlife rehabilitator or veterinarian. Proper feeding technique is crucial for ensuring the safety and well-being of a baby squirrel.

Neglecting Hydration

We mentioned this earlier, but it's so important that it bears repeating: hydration is key! Make sure your little friend is getting enough fluids, especially if they're dehydrated or constipated. Offer unflavored Pedialyte or a homemade electrolyte solution between feedings, but always consult with a wildlife expert first. Dehydration can quickly become a serious problem for baby squirrels, so it's essential to stay on top of their fluid intake. Keeping them properly hydrated will help them thrive and grow strong.

Seeking Professional Help

While this guide provides a solid foundation, caring for a baby squirrel is a big responsibility. When in doubt, always consult with a licensed wildlife rehabilitator or veterinarian. They can provide expert advice and care, ensuring the best possible outcome for the little critter. These professionals have the knowledge and experience to handle complex situations and provide the specialized care that baby squirrels often need. They can also help you determine when the squirrel is ready to be released back into the wild. Remember, you're not alone in this – there are people who can help!

Conclusion

Feeding a baby squirrel is a challenging but incredibly rewarding experience. By understanding their nutritional needs, following proper feeding techniques, and avoiding common mistakes, you can give these little creatures a fighting chance. Remember, every little bit of care and attention makes a world of difference in their survival. And who knows, you might just make a lifelong friend in the process!